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PFM imaging enabled independent extraction and mapping of biophysical parameters at less than 5 nm lateral resolution, revealing relatively stiffer and more adhesive nanofilaments, in comparison with parent vesicle region. Quantitative mapping of biophysical parameters such as (a) topography (range z = 5 nm), (b) phase (z = 10.6 mV), (c) modulus (z = 2 GPa) and (d) adhesion (z = 1.6 nN) was simultaneously mapped, as represented by U87 exosomes with extending surface nanofilaments.
