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. 2013 Oct 15;23(3):255–265. doi: 10.11613/BM.2013.032

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Biotransformation of benzo[a]pyrene.

PAHs are metabolized in first phase of xenobiotic biotransformation to form several phenols (hydroxy derivatives), phenol diols, dihydrodiols, quinones, and reactive diol-epoxide’s enantiomers. The reactive species are then conjugated to GSH-conjugates glucuronides and sulphate esters to enable better excretion and detoxification of metabolized xenobiotics owing to increased hydrophilicity.