Table 1. Sampling regions and number of isolates selected for the analysis of the worldwide population structure of wheat yellow rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici.
Geographical origin | Country | Number of isolates | Sampling year |
Older native populations | |||
South-East Asia | China | 71 | 2004–05 |
Nepal | 55 | 2008 | |
Pakistan | 68 | 2004–2006, 2008 | |
Middle-East | Afghanistan | 7 | 2009 |
Cyprus | 9 | 2005–2006 | |
Iran | 17 | 2005 | |
Israel | 7 | 2005–2006 | |
Lebanon | 5 | 2006 | |
Turkey | 10 | 2005 | |
Yemen | 12 | 2003, 2005 | |
East Africa | Eritrea | 23 | 2002–2005 |
Central Asia | Azerbaijan | 11 | 2005 |
Kazakhstan | 6 | 2005 | |
Kyrgyzstan | 7 | 2005 | |
Uzbekistan | 1 | 2003 | |
Mediterranean area | Algeria | 7 | 2005–2006 |
Italy | 2 | 1998–2006 | |
Morocco | 2 | 2006 | |
Portugal | 4 | 2006 | |
Spain | 2 | 2006 | |
Tunisia | 4 | 2005, 2007 | |
NW Europe | Denmark | 7 | 1995–2002 |
France | 5 | 1997–2008 | |
United Kingdom | 5 | 1975, 1978, 1991–1998 | |
Recent invasions | |||
North America | Mexico | 2 | 1989, 2002 |
USA | 10 | 1981–1983, 1991–1997 | |
South America | Argentina | 1 | 2010 |
Brazil | 6 | 2010 | |
Chile | 7 | 2010 | |
Uruguay | 10 | 2010 | |
South Africa | South Africa | 6 | 1996–2004 |
Aggressive isolates | Australia | 4 | 2002–2004 |
Denmark | 7 | 2001–2006 | |
France | 1 | 1997 | |
Mexico | 2 | 2002–2003 | |
USA | 6 | 2000–2005 | |
Total | 409 |