Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients.
| Total | TIA | Ischemic stroke | |
| n (% of total) | 427 (100) | 156 (36.5) | 271 (63.5) |
| Mean age at event, years (SD) | 40.3 (7.9) | 41.3 (7.8) | 39.9 (7.8) |
| Male | 190 (44.5) | 71 (45.5) | 119 (43.9) |
| Median NIHSS at admission (IQR)* | 2 (0–6) | 0 (0–1) | 4 (2–8) |
| Mean follow-up, years (SD) | 10.1 (8.3) | 8.9 (8.5) | 10.9 (8.2) |
| TOAST | |||
| Atherothrombotic stroke | 33 (7.7) | 9 (5.8) | 24 (8.9) |
| Likely atherothrombotic stroke | 61 (14.3) | 27 (17.3) | 34 (12.5) |
| Cardioembolic stroke | 44 (10.3) | 15 (9.6) | 29 (10.7) |
| Small vessel occlusion | 41 (9.6) | 7 (4.5) | 34 (12.5) |
| Rare causes | 66 (15.5) | 16 (10.3) | 50 (18.5) |
| Multiple causes | 10 (2.3) | 3 (1.9) | 7 (2.6) |
| Unknown cause | 172 (40.3) | 79 (50.6) | 93 (34.3) |
| Risk factors in medical history | |||
| Previous TIA | 15 (3.5) | 8 (5.1) | 7 (2.6) |
| Previous stroke | 6 (1.4) | 2 (1.3) | 4 (1.5) |
| Hypertension | 101 (23.7) | 46 (29.5) | 55 (20.3) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 6 (1.4) | 2 (1.3) | 4 (1.5) |
| Smoking† | 196 (46.8) | 55 (35.9) | 141 (53.0) |
| Excess alcohol consumption‡ | 27 (6.3) | 11 (7.1) | 16 (5.9) |
| Family history of diabetes§ | 175 (41.4) | 69 (45.1) | 106 (39.3) |
Abbreviations: TIA, transient ischemic attack; SD, standard deviation; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; IQR, interquartile range; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.
Data are given as number (percentage) or otherwise stated
*
Scores range from 0 to 42 with higher scores on the scale indicating worse stroke severity. 0.5% of NIHSS was missing.
†
Smoking was defined as smoking at least 1 cigarette a day in the year prior to the event. 1.9% of data on smoking was missing.
‡
Excess alcohol consumption was defined as consuming more than 200 grams of pure alcohol per week
§
First degree family member. 0.9% of data on family history of diabetes was missing.