Table 1. 24-hour urinary isoflavonoid excretion by equol phenotype in participants on a regular diet (µmol/24 hours).
Urinary isoflavone | Equol producers (n = 104)a | Nonproducers (n = 76)a | Pb | ||
Mean ± SD | Range | Mean ± SD | Range | ||
Equol | 5.75 ± 11.02 | 0–76.56 | 0.35 ± 1.99 | 0–15.56 | <0.001 |
Daidzein | 8.24 ± 10.70 | 0–52.72 | 12.53 ± 12.00 | 0–54.77 | 0.004 |
Dihydrodaidzein | 3.04 ± 5.09 | 0–34.47 | 4.21 ± 6.52 | 0–32.73 | 0.43 |
O-DMAc | 1.81 ± 2.76 | 0–76.56 | 3.42 ± 5.61 | 0–32.32 | 0.09 |
Genistein | 4.09 ± 5.48 | 0–26.50 | 5.15 ± 5.69 | 0–28.54 | 0.08 |
Dihydrogenistein | 3.74 ± 8.34 | 0–63.44 | 2.64 ± 4.45 | 0–42.54 | 0.35 |
Glycitein | 1.63 ± 2.14 | 0–9.57 | 2.19 ± 2.56 | 0–9.76 | 0.16 |
Dihydroglycitein | 0.01 ± 0.09 | 0–0.92 | 0.02 ± 0.20 | 0–1.76 | 0.82 |
Total isoflavoned | 26.27 ± 31.92 | 0–148.31 | 30.17 ± 30.07 | 0–115.13 | 0.12 |
aDetermined by soy-isoflavone challenge.
bEquol producers and nonproducers compared using Mann-Whitney U test.
cO-DMA: O-Desmethylangolensin.
dTotal isoflavone = daidzein plus its metabolites dihydrodaidzein, equol, O-desmethylangolensin; genistein plus its metabolite dihydrogenistein; and glycitein plus its metabolite dihydroglycitein.