. 2010 Sep 5;20(5):377–384. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20090185

Table 3. 24-hour urinary isoflavonoid excretion by equol phenotype after a soy-isoflavone challenge (µmol/24 hours).

Urinary isoflavone	Equol producers (n = 104)^a		Nonproducers (n = 76)^a		P^b

	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range
Equol	35.16 ± 21.76	1.84–121.12	not detected	not detected	<0.001
Daidzein	50.22 ± 22.15	2.89–103.19	58.01 ± 21.87	1.47–116.63	0.01
Dihydrodaidzein	13.97 ± 10.87	0–61.05	23.27 ± 16.91	0–71.68	<0.001
O-DMA^c	7.18 ± 6.29	0–36.04	11.10 ± 11.25	0–54.94	0.03
Genistein	8.12 ± 6.64	0–37.98	8.26 ± 7.71	0.37–60.35	0.74
Dihydrogenistein	3.49 ± 7.88	0–64.62	2.59 ± 4.40	0–21.32	0.39
Glycitein	23.61 ± 9.92	0–47.96	22.54 ± 9.32	0.51–50.84	0.24
Dihydroglycitein	0.46 ± 0.99	0–4.32	0.56 ± 1.38	0–7.26	0.96
Total isoflavone^d	142.20 ± 54.09	14.19–319.56	126.34 ± 48.67	2.35–306.75	0.04

^aDetermined by soy-isoflavone challenge.

^bEquol producers and nonproducers compared using Mann-Whitney U test.

^cO-DMA: O-desmethylangolensin.

^dTotal isoflavone = daidzein plus its metabolites dihydrodaidzein, equol, O-desmethylangolensin; genistein plus its metabolite dihydrogenistein; and glycitein plus its metabolite dihydroglycitein.