Table 3. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses demonstrating factors showing correlation with urinary albumin excretion.
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| r | P | Standardized coefficient | P | |
| Age (years) | 0.161 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Gender (male) | 0.049 | 0.36 | – | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.133 | 0.13 | – | – |
| SBP (mmHg) | 0.172 | <0.001 | 0.235 | 0.002 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 0.058 | 0.28 | – | – |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 0.081 | 0.13 | – | – |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | −0.081 | 0.16 | – | – |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.157 | <0.01 | 0.103 | 0.04 |
| Uric acid (mg/dl) | 0.177 | <0.001 | – | – |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 0.228 | <0.001 | – | – |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | −0.023 | 0.67 | – | – |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 0.031 | 0.56 | – | – |
| HbA1c (%) | 0.208 | <0.001 | – | – |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | −0.224 | <0.001 | – | – |
| ECG voltage (mV) | 0.204 | <0.001 | – | – |
| BNP (ng/l) | 0.331 | <0.001 | 0.321 | <0.0001 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 0.182 | 0.001 | 0.156 | 0.04 |
| Use of RA inhibitors | −0.038 | 0.47 | – | – |
Independent variables in the multivariate model were chosen using a stepwise regression analysis where all variables listed in the univariate analysis except eGFR and ECG voltage were included.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; CRP, C-reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ECG, electrocardiogram; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; RA, renin-angiotensin system; SBP, systolic blood pressure.