FIGURE 3.

MKT077, a mortalin chemical inhibitor induces Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial dysfunction. A, SK/mito-YFP cells were treated with MKT077 (MKT, 10 μm) for 4 h and then imaged using a fluorescence microscope. B, SK/mito-YFP cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of MKT, and the fragmented mitochondria were observed after 4 h. C, SK/mito-YFP cells transfected with either scrambled siRNA (Sc) or siRNA against Drp1 (siDrp1) were exposed to MKT (10 μm) for 6 h. D, mitochondria in wild type MEF (WT) and Drp1-deficient MEF (Drp1^−/−) treated with MKT077 (10 μm) were labeled with a fluorescence MitoTracker (100 nm). Then, cells with fragmented mitochondria were observed by fluorescence microscopy. E, depolarized mitochondrial membrane was analyzed by MitoProbe JC-1 dye in WT and Drp1^−/− MEF cells after MKT077 (10 μm) treatment. F, WT and Drp1^−/− MEF cells treated with MKT077 (10 μm) were stained with DCF-DA, a ROS labeling dye and the intracellular ROS level was assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Data are represented as the mean ± S.E. (n > 3; *, p < 0.01 or **, p < 0.05).