FIGURE 4.

MKT077 also induces mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial dysfunction in primary cultured neuronal cells. A and B, pure cortical neuronal cultures (DIV 7) were treated with MKT077 (10 μm) for 4 h and stained with a MitoTracker probe. Mitochondrial morphology by MKT077 (A) and mitochondrial length was measured (B) by fluorescence. C and D, pure cortical neuronal cultures (DIV 7) were treated with MKT077 (10 or 20 μm) for 4 h and stained with CM-H₂DCFDA (2 μm) for 20 min. The cellular ROS level was observed (C), and measured with a fluorescence microplate reader (D). E and F, MKT077-treated cells were stained with JC-1 staining solution and mitochondria dysfunction was measured by a fluorescence microplate reader (F), and images were observed under fluorescence microscope (E). Data are represented as the mean ± S.E. (n > 3; *, p < 0.02; **, p < 0.05).