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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 24.
Published in final edited form as: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Jun;196(6):1279–1287. doi: 10.2214/AJR.10.5041

Table 1.

Stone type, chemical formula, sample size, approximate stone diameter, and effective atomic number of the 43 stones used in this study.

Group
Number		 Stone type Chemical formula Sample
numbers		 Size
(mm)		 Effective
atomic number
1 Ammonium acid urate C5H3N4O3NH4 3 6–7 6.84
Uric acid C5H4N4O3 2 5–8 6.91
Uric acid dihydrate C5H4N4O3·2H2O 4 4–7 7.01
2 Cystine C6H12N2O4S2 9 4–12 10.78
3 Struvite CaMgNH4PO4·6H2O* 4 5–11 12.17*
4 Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate CaC2O4·2H2O 2 6–10 12.99
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate CaC2O4·H2O 5 4–7 13.45
Brushite CaHPO4·2H2O 9 5–10 13.82
5 Carbonate Apatite Ca10(PO4)6(CO3) 2 4–10 15.74
Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 3 5–10 15.86
*

Struvite stones are commonly a mixture of magnesium ammonium phosphate and apatite [25].