FIG. 3.

BBR activated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant reactions in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Raw267.4 cells were treated as described in Fig 2A. (A and B), cell MMP was monitored by JC-1 method. Fluorescence was recorded by fluorescence microscopy (A) and flow cytometry (B), respectively. (C) Cellular GST activity was measured as described in Materials and Methods. (D and E), Pinocytosis capacity of macrophages was evaluated by neutral red assay. Representative images were recorded by light microscopy (D), whole lysates from neutral red stained cells were measured at 570 nm with a Spectra Reader (E). Data were represented as mean±SEM of three independent determinations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.01. GST, glutathione S-transferase; MMP, mitochondria membrane potential. To see this illustration in color, the reader is referred to the web version of this article at www.liebertpub.com/ars