. 2013 Dec 3;9:63. doi: 10.1186/1744-8603-9-63

Table 2.

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia

Prevalence of DM
Estimate	Study year	Sampling frame and sample	Study design	Diagnostic test and diagnostic criteria	Reference
19.6%, men 21.9%, women 18.2%, n = 97, N = 495	2008	Sampling frame: Suburban population of Ternate, a small remote island in Eastern Indonesia	Cross-sectional survey	Diagnostic test: FPG	[12]
Peak age group was 50–59 years old, followed by 40–49 years old, and 60–69 years old	2008	Sample: 495 individuals, 187 (37.8%) men and 308 (62.2%) women, 20–84 years old	Cross-sectional survey	Criteria: ADA 1997 FBG (>126 mg/dl)	[12]
5.7%, 1.5% diagnosed, 4.2% undiagnosed 6.4% women, 4.9% men	Riskesdas 2007	Sampling frame: 33 provinces, urban areas	Cross-sectional survey	Diagnostic test: FPG and OGTT	[11,16]
5.7%, 1.5% diagnosed, 4.2% undiagnosed 6.4% women, 4.9% men	Riskesdas 2007	Sample: 24,417 urban residents, >15 years old and not pregnant		Criteria: WHO 1999 and ADA 2003 (> = 200 mg/dl)	[11,16]
1.7% (1982), 5.7% (1993), 12.8% (2001) in Jakarta1.5% (NA), 5.4% (NA) in Ujung Pandang, 6.1% in Mandado (1980s), 1.5% Bali (NA) East Java rural and urban areas, 1.47% (NA)	1980s, 1982, 1983, 1995, 2001	Sampling frame: Various urban and rural areas	NA	Diagnostic test: NA	Data from local unpublished studies, results reported in [14,48] and unpublished observations from Soebardi 2011
		Sample: NA		Criteria: NA
Rural area of Ende, found a much lower prevalence of 1.56% (NA)		Sample: NA		Criteria: NA
Asymptomatic cases of diabetes	1997 population screening, 2000 clinical screening	Sampling frame: A group of government employees and retired military officers	Population screening and clinical screening	Diagnostic test: Population screening with OGTT. Clinical screening with FBG and OGTT	[9]
Population screening: 5.42%, n = 51 both sexes 7.42%, n = 21 women 4.6%, n = 30 men
		Sample: Population screening: 941 (290 women, 651 men), clinical screening: 907 (483 women, 424 men)		Criteria: WHO 1999 criteria
Clinical screening: 17.08%, n = 155 both sexes, 16.14%, n = 78 women, 18.16%, n = 77 men				Criteria: WHO 1999 criteria
1.63%, n = 44, N = 2,704, 18 (40%) had previously been diagnosed but only 50% of them were on treatment, 1.8%, n = 23 men, 1.5%, n = 21 women	Study year: December 1981-June 1982	Sampling frame: Koja Utara subdistrict, Tanjungpriok, Northern Jakarta	NA	Diagnostic test: OGTT	[15]
				Criteria: WHO 1980 criteria
		Sample: 2,704, > = 15
Peak age was 55–64 for both men and women		Sample: 2,704, > = 15
0.2% (Semarang), 0.26% (Surabaya)	Study year: 1974, 1977, 1973-1977	Sampling frames: Cities of Semarang (1974), Surabaya (1977), one clinic (1973–1977)	NA	Diagnostic test: NA Criteria: NA	Review of previous study plus data from the authors’ clinic [13]
28 patients with insulin-dependent DM
28 patients with insulin-dependent DM		Sample: 6–20 years old (Semarang, Surubaya), all children who attended the clinic between 1973–1988 aged between 1–15 years old (clinic)

Notes: OGTT: Oral-glucose tolerance test; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose.