Table 5.
Outcomes
| Estimate | Study year | Sample frame and sample size | Study design | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
DMT2 | ||||
| HbA1c 68% patients >7% 81% patients >6.5% |
Nov 2008 - Feb 2009 |
Sample frame: 18 diabetes centres |
Cross-sectional study, blood samples |
DiabCare 2008 [26] |
| FPG 47% patients >7.2 mmol/l 69% patients >6.1 mmol/l |
Sample size: 1832 participants (1785 DM T2, 17 DM T1) |
|||
| 47-69% of the surveyed patients depending on the criteria applied (IDF/ADA or APDPG) | ||||
| HbA1c: 69% patients >7% |
2006 - 2007 |
Sample frame: Patients with type 2 diabetes |
Multi-centre, cross-sectional, observational study. |
IDMPS [18] |
| Sample size: N = 674, mean age 55.2 (SD = 10.2), 55% females, mean duration for diabetes 6.1 (SD = 6.4) years. | ||||
| Prevalence-based approach to estimate resource use occurred during a 1-year period. | ||||
| Mean ± SD HbA1c 8.1 ± 2 (N = 1932) |
Mar - Dec 1998 |
Sample frame: several diabetes centres with more than 100 diabetic patients a month |
Cross-sectional survey |
DiabCare 1998 [39] |
| Categories by central HbA1c values (%) | ||||
| <7: 34% |
Sample size: N = 1932 |
|||
| 7-8: 25% | ||||
| >8: 41% | ||||
| Local mean ± SD HbA1c 7.7 ± 2.6 (N = 144) | ||||
|
DMT1 | ||||
| HbA1c: 10.5+/-2.7 (mean +/- SD) |
Nov 2001 - Apr 2002 |
Sample frame: Seven diabetes centres |
Cross-sectional clinic-based survey |
[21] |
| Sample size: 64 DM type 1 patients (45% boys, 55%, girls), mean age 11 | ||||
| HbA1c: |
Apr - Jun 1999 |
Sample frame: Children with type 1 diabetes at the Paediatric Endocrinology Clinic of the University of Indonesia. |
Cross-sectional survey |
[41] |
| 46% patients ≤ 10 | ||||
| 54% patients ≥ 10 | ||||
| Sample size: N = 24 children mean age 13.6 years old 10 boys, 14 girls. | ||||
|
Annual checks for complications and glucose monitoring | ||||
|
DMT2 | ||||
| Frequency of eye examination among known diabetic patients in the last year: 15.3%, n = 30, N = 196 |
Feb - Apr 2009 |
Sample frame: One tertiary hospital and two community clinics in Jakarta |
|
[40] |
| Sample size: N = 196, mean age 58.4 years, 61.5% females. | ||||
| Percentage screened for |
2006 - 2007 |
Sample frame: Patients with type 2 diabetes |
Multi-centre, cross-sectional, observational study |
IDMPS [18] |
| -Micro-vascular complications: 56% |
Sample size: N = 674, > 18 years with average age 55.2 (SD = 10.2), 55% females, mean duration for diabetes 6.1 (SD = 6.4) years. |
|||
| Prevalence-based approach to estimate resource use occurred during a 1-year period. | ||||
| -Macro-vascular complications: 49% | ||||
| Home blood glucose monitoring 57.1% |
2003 |
Sample frame: Patients with type 2 diabetes |
Clinic-based survey |
[36] |
| Four or more clinic visits in the previous year: 57.2% |
Sample size: N = 7, 42.9% male, aged <18 years |
|||
| ≥ 3 HbA1c test in the previous year: 16.7% | ||||
|
DMT1 | ||||
| No HbA1c test in the previous year: 37% |
Nov 2001-Apr 2002 | Sample frame: Seven diabetes centres |
Cross-sectional clinic-based survey | [21] |
| More than three HbA1c test in the previous year: 21% |
Sample size: 64 DM type 1 patients (45% boys, 55%, girls), mean age 11 | |||
| Blood glucose self-monitoring was performed on average 32 times a month | ||||
Notes: Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), standard deviation (SD).