Table 4. Visual Analogue Scales (VAS).
| Parameter | PRE | POST | Z-value | p-value | |||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||||
| Allsubjects | 6.30 | (1.70) | 5.31 | (1.80) | −3.567 | <0.001 | |
| Attention | Male | 6.67 | (1.52) | 5.47 | (2.03) | −3.435 | <0.001 |
| Female | 5.93 | (1.83) | 5.16 | (1.58) | −1.801 | 0.074 | |
| Allsubjects | 5.71 | (1.99) | 5.24 | (2.22) | −2.436 | 0.014 | |
| Fatigue | Male | 6.16 | (1.70) | 5.23 | (2.03) | −2.746 | 0.004 |
| Female | 5.27 | (2.19) | 5.26 | (2.46) | −0.632 | 0.543 | |
| Allsubjects | 3.32 | (2.37) | 2.23 | (2.11) | −3.441 | <0.001 | |
| Arousal | Male | 2.53 | (1.96) | 1.76 | (2.01) | −2.842 | 0.003 |
| Female | 4.10 | (2.53) | 2.69 | (2.15) | −2.200 | 0.026 | |
The mean VAS score ± standard deviation (SD) is shown for attention (0 = no attention; 10 = maximal attention), fatigue (0 = no fatigue; 10 = maximal fatigue) and arousal (0 = no arousal; 10 = maximal arousal). Measurements were obtained prior (PRE) and after (POST) the experiment. Data is shown for all subjects and for males and females separately. P-values in bold highlight a significant effect between PRE and POST measurement.