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. 2014 Jan 24;9(1):e87300. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087300

Figure 5. Mutants of the thioredoxin antioxidation system are impaired in biotrophic growth and cell-to-cell movement in the host.

Figure 5

(A) Live-cell imaging at 30 hpi and 48 hpi shows ▵trr1 and ▵tpx1 strains were considerably impaired in IH growth in susceptible CO-39 rice leaf sheaths compared to WT. Arrows indicate appressoria on the surface of the leaf corresponding to the point of penetration. Asterisks indicate hyphal movement to adjacent rice cells. Scale bar is 5 µm. (B) IH growth to adjacent cells of ▵trr1 and ▵tpx1 strains was significantly (Student’s t-test p≤0.05) impaired compared to WT strains at 48 hpi. Values are the mean of three independent replicates. Error bars denote SD. Bars with the same letters are not significantly different (Student’s t-test p≤0.05). The relative amount of fungal DNA (a proxy for relative fungal mass) from leaves infected with strains of Δtrr1 (C) and Δtpx1 (D) was 45- and 47-fold less, respectively, compared to WT. Values are the mean of three independent replicates. Error bars denote SD. Bars with the same letters are not significantly different (Student’s t-test p≤0.05).