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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2013 Oct 5;35(1):269–277. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.050

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Confocal imaging of aAPC (green) conjugate formation to CD8+ T cells (red). (A) Conjugates appear as areas of close membrane apposition between aAPC and cells, with CD8+ T cell morphology rearrangement into a distinctive cap. (B) Spherical and (C) ellipsoidal aAPC form cell-bead conjugates, which are more frequently observed with ellipsoidal aAPC. (D-E) Conjugate formation is not observed with aAPC bearing non-cognate MHC-peptide. (F) 4.6 ± 0.9% of CD8+ T cells incubated with ellipsoidal aAPC (red) compared to 1.8 ± 0.4% with spherical aAPC (unfilled) were observed to have formed conjugates (p=0.01). (G) The length of contact between cells and aAPC was 1.9 ± 0.2 μm for spherical (unfilled) and 3.6 ± 0.6 μm for ellipsoidal (red) cognate aAPC (p = 0.01). (H) Time-lapse image of a single CD8+ T cell interacting with one ellipsoidal cognate aAPC; images acquired 2 s apart.