Distribution frequency of kinase domain (KD) mutations identified in Indian chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients (Bidirectional sequencing analysis of the BCR-ABL KD showed the presence of one or more mutations in 461 of 1110 patients (41.53%). A total of 43 discrete mutations mapped to 35 codons were detected. More than 85% of the total mutations were seen at one of the 9 residues: T315, F359, G250, M351, E255, M244, Y253, E355 and F317. The distribution and relative frequency of the mutations were compared to those reported in a study carried out on the Caucasian race by the GIMEMA Working Party on CML. Significant differences were observed in the frequency of mutation at residues T315, F359, G250, E255, M244 and Y253. A higher frequency of mutations at amino acids T315, F359 and G250 and a significantly lower frequency at residues M244, E255 and Y253 were observed in our study as compared to the study cited above [data of GIMEMA study has been sourced from Soverini et al. Clin Can Res (2006) 12 (24): 7374-7379])