Table 3.
Association of H. pylori status with asthma and allergic rhinitis in participants 3–19 years of age ‡
| Age group/Outcome | Age 3 – 19 |
Age 3 – 13 |
Age 14– 19 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
H. pylori |
OR (95% CI) for outcome associated with H. pylori positivity * |
H. pylori |
OR (95% CI) for outcome associated with H. pylori positivity* |
H. pylori |
OR (95% CI) for outcome associated with H. pylori positivity * |
P for interaction** |
||||
| − | + | − | + | − | + | |||||
| Total | 2577 | 750 | 1491 | 298 | 1086 | 452 | ||||
| Allergic rhinitis in prior year | ||||||||||
| No | 2289 | 687 | 1325 | 281 | 964 | 406 | ||||
| Yes | 275 | 62 | 0.60 (0.37–0.96) | 156 | 18 | 0.31 (0.17–0.57) | 119 | 44 | 0.88 (0.47–1.66) | 0.02 |
| Asthma | ||||||||||
| Never | 2168 | 652 | 1249 | 261 | 919 | 391 | ||||
| Current | 253 | 66 | 0.75 (0.44–1.27) | 156 | 25 | 0.41 (0.24–0.69) | 97 | 41 | 1.14 (0.56–2.32) | 0.03 |
| Ever | 409 | 98 | 0.69 (0.45–1.06) | 242 | 37 | 0.49 (0.30–0.80) | 167 | 61 | 0.84 (0.46–1.55) | 0.15 |
| Ever, age at onset < 5 † | 211 | 45 | 0.58 (0.38–0.88) | |||||||
| Ever, age at onset 2–5 ** | 103 | 16 | 0.32 (0.17–0.60) | |||||||
| Ever, age at onset ≥ 5 † | 194 | 51 | 0.78 (0.41–1.50) | |||||||
| Ever with allergic rhinitis in prior year | 81 | 14 | 0.39 (0.20–0.75) | 46 | 6 | 0.35 (0.12–1.00) | 35 | 8 | 0.37 (0.16–0.89) | 0.99 |
ORs and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were adjusted for race-ethnicity, country of birth, age, sex, BMI, smoking status (for participants > 12 years old), and educational attainment (for participants > 12 years old). Participants ≤ 12 years old were considered non-smokers and in a separate category for educational attainment. The reference group was H. pylori-negative persons.
Cut-point was determined based on median onset age. Information on age at onset was missing for 6 participants who had ever had asthma.
Allergic rhinitis in the prior year, current status of asthma, and age at onset of asthma were ascertained only for participants ≤ 19 years of age. Stratified analysis was based on the median age (13 years) among participants ≤ 19 years. A total of 15 subjects with unknown allergic rhinitis status were excluded from the analyses of allergic rhinitis.
P value for interaction between H. pylori status and age on the risk of ever having asthma, current asthma status, and allergic rhinitis in prior year.