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. 2014 Jan 6;111(3):930–935. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1316312111

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

ES/TRAIL functionalized leukocytes target and kill cancer cells in the circulation of mice in vivo. (A) Schematic of in vivo mouse experiment. (B) Flow cytometry of untreated COLO 205 cancer cells (Left) and those recovered from cardiac puncture from mice treated with ES (Center) and ES/TRAIL liposomes (Right). (C) Number of viable cancer cells recovered per volume of mouse blood for mice treated with ES/TRAIL liposomes, soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL), ES liposomes, and buffer injections. n = 3 for all samples. Bars represent the mean ± SD in each treatment group. *P < 0.01, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA with Tukey posttest). (D) Representative micrographs of COLO 205 cells removed from circulation in mice treated with ES/TRAIL liposomes (Upper Left), sTRAIL (Upper Right), ES liposomes (Lower Left), and buffer (Lower Right) injections. (Scale bar, 20 μm.) (E) Leukocytes functionalized with fluorescent ES/TRAIL liposomes (green) upon removal from mouse circulation 2.5 h after injection. (Scale bar, 50 μm.)