Table 1.
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Admissions With Acute Nontraumatic Encephalopathy
| Characteristic | Parasitemia Status |
Retinopathy Status |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | Statistic or Score | P | Positive | Negative | Statistic or Score | P | |
| Age, mo | 41 (29–53) | 35 (16–57) | z = −2.21 | .0275 | 40 (29–56) | 39 (21–54) | z = −1.06 | .2898 |
| Male sex | 72/138 (52.2) | 75/127 (59.1) | χ2 = 1.27 | .260 | 46/79 (58.2) | 101/186 (54.3) | χ2 = 0.35 | .5560 |
| Delivered at hospital | 8/124 (6.5) | 13/110 (11.8) | χ2 = 2.06 | .1520 | 9/71 (12.7) | 12/163 (7.4) | χ2 = 1.71 | .1910 |
| Head circumference | 48.6 (47.0–50.0) | 48.0 (45.1–49.7) | z = −1.73 | .0831 | 48.0 (46.3–49.5) | 48.0 (46.0–50.0) | χ2 = 0.104 | .9175 |
| Jaundice | 6/125 (4.8) | 6/120 (5.0) | χ2 = 0.01 | .9420 | 6/75 (8.0) | 6/170 (3.5) | χ2 = 2.23 | .1350 |
| Perinatal hospitalization | 3/99 (3.0) | 6/92 (6.5) | χ2 = 1.29 | .255 | 0/63 (0.0) | 9/128 (7.0) | χ2 = 4.65 | .0310 |
| Prematurity | 3/99 (3.0) | 2/93 (2.2) | χ2 = 0.15 | .702 | 5/124 (4.0) | 0/64 (1.2) | χ2 = 2.65 | .1030 |
| Birth problems | 16/140 (11.4) | 11/130 (8.5) | χ2 = 0.66 | .417 | 9/80 (11.3) | 18/190 (9.5) | χ2 = 0.197 | .6570 |
| Malnutrition | 42/120 (35.0) | 64/105 (61.0) | χ2 = 15.14 | <.0001 | 30/70 (43.9) | 76/155 (49.0) | χ2 = 0.74 | .3390 |
| Respiratory distress | 26/137 (19.0) | 35/127 (27.6) | χ2 = 2.73 | .098 | 14/79 (17.7) | 47/185 (25.4) | χ2 = 1.84 | .1750 |
| Febrile temperatures | 113/124 (91.3) | 100/120 (83.3) | χ2 = 3.34 | .068 | 70/75 (93.3) | 143/169 (84.6) | χ2 = 3.56 | .0590 |
| Seizures | 110/123 (89.4) | 92/100 (92.0) | χ2 = 0.43 | .5140 | 59/65 (90.8) | 143/158 (90.5) | χ2 = 0.01 | .9510 |
| Severe anemia | 14/111 (12.6) | 4/80 (5.0) | χ2 = 3.16 | .076 | 8/53 (15.1) | 10/138 (7.3) | χ2 = 2.8 | .0960 |
| Acidosis | 55/102 (53.9) | 29/65 (44.6) | χ2 = 1.38 | .241 | 24/44 (54.6) | 60/123 (48.8) | χ2 = 0.43 | .5120 |
| Leukocytosis | 52/140 (37.1) | 45/129 (34.9) | χ2 = 0.15 | .700 | 31 (38.8) | 66/189 (34.9) | χ2 = 0.36 | .5550 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 76/111 (68.5) | 6/80 (7.5) | χ2 = 70.54 | <.0001 | 34/56 (60.7) | 48/135 (35.6) | χ2 = 10.23 | .0010 |
| Hypoglycemia | 14/140 (10.0) | 9/130 (6.9) | χ2 = 0.82 | .3650 | 10/80 (12.5) | 13/190 (6.8) | χ2 = 2.31 | .1280 |
| Hyponatremia | 46/97 (47.4) | 36/77 (46.8) | χ2 = 0.01 | .930 | 22/52 (42.3) | 60/122 (49.2) | χ2 = 0.69 | 0.401 |
| HRP2 level | 19 764 (2872–28 802) | 27 (0–283) | z = −7.25 | <.0001 | 26 969 (3223–31 523) | 578 (4.5–18 799) | z = −4.74 | <.0001 |
| Geometric mean parasitemia (95% CI) | 32 095 (1898–54 259) | … | … | 2031 (8761–47 053) | 27 830 (14 928–51 883) | t = 0.42 | .6764 | |
| Died | 21/140 (15.0) | 39/130 (30.0) | χ2 = 8.78 | .003 | 21/80 (26.3) | 39/190 (20.5) | χ2 = 1.07 | .3020 |
Data are proportion (%) of patients or median level (interquartile range), unless otherwise indicated. See Methods for definitions.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; Hb, hemoglobin; HRP2, histidine-rich protein 2; WBC, white blood cell.