Table 3. Children's and parent's weight, adiposity and health behavior outcomes.

Variable	Post Phase I intervention		P	Post Phase II intervention		P	Completion of study		P
	Experimental	Control		Experimental	Control		Experimental	Control
	Adjusted mean (s.e.)a			Adjusted mean (s.e.)a			Adjusted mean (s.e.)a
Child BMI percentile	95.2 (0.40)	95.9 (0.42)	0.288	94.6 (0.42)	95.6 (0.43)	0.287	94.6 (0.44)	95.1 (0.43)	0.470
Child waist circumferenceb	78.7 (0.43)	79.5 (0.46)	0.236	82.0 (0.48)	84.3 (0.49)	0.003	84.9 (0.49)	86.4 (0.48)	0.060
Child triceps skinfoldsc	23.7 (0.44)	24.8 (0.46)	0.104	24.2 (0.48)	25.4 (0.48)	0.104	22.9 (0.49)	25.4 (0.48)	0.001
Child subscapular skinfoldsc	20.8 (0.46)	23.1 (0.48)	0.002	22.7 (0.49)	24.4 (0.50)	0.018	22.1 (0.51)	25.2 (0.50)	<0.001
Parent BMI	37.6 (0.20)	37.9 (0.20)	0.117	37.3 (0.21)	38.2 (0.21)	0.004	37.3 (0.21)	38.5 (0.21)	0.001
Parent waist circumferenceb	108.0 (0.65)	109.9 (0.67)	0.033	107.6 (0.69)	112.2 (0.70)	<0.001	109.9 (0.70)	112.9 (0.69)	0.005
Parent triceps skinfoldsc	34.8 (0.55)	36.1 (0.58)	0.101	33.8 (0.61)	36.3 (0.62)	0.009	31.8 (0.63)	35.5 (0.61)	<0.001
Parent subscapular skinfoldsc	33.8 (0.55)	35.2 (0.57)	0.068	34.2 (0.60)	36.5 (0.60)	0.013	32.9 (0.61)	36.3 (0.60)	<0.001
Child health behaviors
Dietary intention scale range (−13 to +13)d	3.13 (0.49)	1.88 (0.52)	0.080	4.19 (0.54)	1.68 (0.55)	0.003	3.20 (0.55)	1.82 (0.54)	0.080
Usual food choices scale range (−14 to +14)d	0.65 (0.56)	−0.45 (0.59)	0.176	2.18 (0.60)	−0.28 (0.61)	0.012	1.50 (0.61)	0.08 (0.61)	0.176
Dietary knowledge scale range (−14 to +14)d	7.51 (0.34)	6.90 (0.36)	0.417	8.23 (0.37)	8.06 (0.37)	0.755	9.97 (0.38)	8.51 (0.37)	0.018
Dietary habits scale range (−9 to +9)d	1.19 (0.24)	0.77 (0.26)	0.280	1.20 (0.27)	0.58 (0.27)	0.309	1.18 (0.28)	0.84 (0.27)	0.280
Physical activity support scale range (−18 to +18)d	11.19 (0.38)	10.20 (0.40)	0.139	12.89 (0.41)	11.38 (0.42)	0.030	13.45 (0.42)	12.63 (0.42)	0.163
Parent reinforcement (food) scale range (−7 to +7)d	2.74 (0.28)	1.96 (0.30)	0.119	3.25 (0.31)	2.65 (0.32)	0.174	3.53 (0.32)	2.57 (0.32)	0.097
Teacher reinforcement (food) scale range (−7 to +7)d	−0.92 (0.37)	−0.67 (0.39)	0.771	−0.34 (0.40)	0.25 (0.41)	0.771	0.98 (0.42)	0.81 (0.41)	0.771
Friend reinforcement (food) scale range (−7 to +7)d	−1.60 (0.37)	−1.54 (0.40)	0.900	−0.98 (0.41)	−0.15 (0.42)	0.900	−0.52 (0.43)	−0.94 (0.42)	0.900
Parent health behaviors
Nutrition knowledge scale range (1 to 4)d	2.70 (0.04)	2.39 (0.57)	<0.001	2.58 (0.04)	2.37 (0.40)	0.002	2.62 (0.04)	2.43 (0.04)	0.003
Exercise knowledge scale range (1 to 4)d	2.46 (0.05)	2.05 (0.05)	<0.001	2.33 (0.05)	2.03 (0.05)	<0.001	2.27 (0.05)	1.96 (0.50)	<0.001
Health responsibility scale range (1 to 4)d	2.67 (0.04)	2.46 (0.05)	0.003	2.65 (0.05)	2.52 (0.05)	0.055	2.67 (0.05)	2.54 (0.05)	0.055
Stress management scale range (1 to 4)d	2.52 (0.05)	2.36 (0.05)	0.038	2.45 (0.05)	2.34 (0.05)	0.135	2.41 (0.05)	2.31 (0.05)	0.135

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.

The scale range scores were predetermined by the instrument scoring instructions for all subscales above.

The P-value for experimental versus control comparison was Hochberg-corrected. Bold values indicate P<0.05.

^aFixed effects included indicators for intervention, post-baseline time and pairs of simultaneous intervention and control groups, as well as baseline value for the corresponding measure, which adjusted for any imbalances at baseline, and the intervention-by-time interaction.

^bExpressed in centimeters.

^cExpressed in millimeters.

^dA higher positive score is better.