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Intense footshocks induced significant PTSD-like behaviors. (A) Open arm time in EPM test; (B) Social zone time in social approach and avoidance test; (C) Conditioned place avoidance to shock tactile clue; (D) Immobility time percent in a new context; (E) Freezing time percent in shock chamber after re-exposure to shock context; (F) PTSD-like symptom score (average of five tests rank scores). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.
