Figure 2.
Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL-R) deficiency promotes colitis-associated cancer (CAC) development. (a) Kaplan–Meier survival curve of azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) -induced colitis-associated cancer model of wild-type (WT) (n = 10) and TRAIL-R−/− mice (n = 10). (b) Tumour incidence. (c) Representative macroscopic tumorigenesis. Colon tissues were cut longitudinally, and the arrows indicate colonic tumours. Bar, 1 cm. (d) Total colonic polyps formed in the colons of WT and TRAIL-R−/− mice. P = 0·014 (e) Size distribution of colonic tumours formed in WT and TRAIL-R−/− mice (P = 0·008 for the < 2 mm group; P = 0·128 for the 2–5 mm group). (f) Representative haematoxylin & eosin staining of WT and TRAIL-R−/− mice; magnification, 100 ×. Bar, 50 μm. Left image is immunohistochemical staining of TRAIL-R−/− tumour tissue, where brown colour represents β-catenin-positive cells. Arrows indicate the positive nuclear staining; magnification, 400 ×.