Table 2. Perioperative outcomes.
| Variablea | Stand-alone CMIV (n=151) | CMIV + MV (n=184) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Box-lesion (%) | 86 | 87 | 0.704 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min) | 133±31 | 189±41 | <0.001 |
| Cross clamp time (min) | 45±18 | 93±29 | <0.001 |
| Early ATA (%) | 48 | 63 | 0.004 |
| Permanent pacemaker (%) | 5 | 11 | 0.026 |
| Overall major complicationb | 9 (6%) | 29 (16%) | 0.005 |
| Pneumonia | 6 (4%) | 15 (8%) | 0.120 |
| Mediastinitis | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0.885 |
| Intraaortic balloon pump | 0 (0%) | 5 (3%) | 0.042 |
| Permanent Stroke | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0.885 |
| Reoperation for bleeding | 0 (0%) | 9 (5%) | 0.006 |
| Renal failure requiring dialysis | 1 (6%) | 9 (5%) | 0.24 |
| Median ICU LOS in days (range) | 2 [1-35] | 3 [1-61] | <0.001 |
| Median hospital LOS in days (range) | 8 [4-53] | 9 [1-111] | <0.001 |
| 30-day mortality (%) | 1 (1%) | 10 (5%) | 0.015 |
a, continuous variables are listed as mean ± standard deviation; b, complications are listed as total number (%); CMIV, Cox-Maze IV; MV, mitral valve; AF, atrial fibrillation; ATA, atrial tachyarrhythmia; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay.