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. 2013 Dec 9;65(2):621–639. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ert412

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© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 10. — Phenotypic analysis of antisense plants with the suppression of AIF and At5g04410 expression. (A) A 50-day-old 35S:AIF/At5g04410-antisense plant was sterile and produced short siliques (arrowed). (B) Close-up of the inflorescences of antisense plant (right) that contained short and undeveloped siliques (arrowed), whereas wild-type plants (WT) produced long, well-developed siliques (left). (C) mRNA accumulation for AIF, At5g04410, and DAD1 was determined by real-time quantitative RT–PCR. Total RNAs isolated from the floral buds before stage 12 of two AIF/At5g04410 antisense (Anti-1, -2) and one wild-type Columbia (WT) plants were used as templates. Columns represent the relative expression of the genes. Transcript levels of these genes were determined using 2–3 replicates and were normalized using UBQ10. The expression of each gene was relative to that in the wild-type plant, which was set at 1. Error bar represents the standard deviation. Each experiment was repeated twice with similar results. For At5g04410 expression: WT=1±0.094, Anti-1=0.11±0.024, Anti-2=0.78±0.058. For AIF expression: WT=1±0.143, Anti-1=0.13±0.015, Anti-2=0.30±0.022. For DAD1 expression: WT=1±0.167, Anti-1=4.30±0.507, Anti-2=2.95±0.439. The asterisks indicate a significant difference from the wild-type value (*P < 0.05). (D) An AIF/At5g04410 antisense flower showed early anther dehiscence (arrowed) at stage 10. (E) Close-up of the dehiscent anthers and the released pollen (arrowed) in (D). (F and G) Anther dehiscence was observed in AIF/At5g04410 antisense flowers at stage 12 (F) and 15 (G). (H) Close-up of the dehiscent anthers and the released pollen (arrowed) in (G). (I) The emasculated wild-type flower pollinated with AIF/At5g04410 antisense pollen developed an elongated silique. (J) Anther was dehiscent and wild-type-like pollen (arrowed) was released in a stage 10 AIF/At5g04410 antisense flower. Bar=150 μm. (K) Close-up of the wild-type-like pollen grains from (J). Colpi (arrowed) and outer exine (ex) were observed on the surface of the pollen. Bar=10 μm.