Table 3. Path coefficients from multi-group SEM analyses of ADHD symptom–cognition relationships.

			MA			OA
			Coefficients§	SE†	p	Coefficients§	SE†	p
age	→	Hyperact	−	−	−	−0.034	0.016	0.032
gender	→	Hyperact	−	−	−	0.093	0.049	0.056
gender	→	Inatt	−0.062	0.032	0.046	−	−	−
education	→	Inatt	0.035	0.007	<0.001	0.018	0.007	0.003
gender	→	anxiety	0.031	0.010	0.002	−	−	−
education	→	anxiety	−0.004	0.003	0.080	−0.005	0.002	<0.001
Inatt	→	anxiety	0.077	0.014	<0.001	0.017	0.011	0.056
gender	→	depression	0.565	0.169	0.001	−	−	−
education	→	depression	−0.205	0.040	<0.001	−0.114	0.028	<0.001
Inatt	→	depression	2.463	0.215	<0.001	1.300	0.172	<0.001
education	→	STW	0.154	0.009	<0.001	0.153	0.009	<0.001
Inatt	→	STW	0.198	0.034	<0.001	0.185	0.045	<0.001
depression	→	STW	−0.015	0.005	0.002	−0.030	0.008	<0.001
age	→	TMT-A	0.047	0.013	<0.001	0.060	0.011	<0.001
gender	→	TMT-A	−0.061	0.035	0.085	−0.125	0.032	<0.001
education	→	TMT-A	−0.038	0.009	<0.001	−0.020	0.007	<0.001
Inatt	→	TMT-A	0.062	0.034	0.069	−	−	−
depression	→	TMT-A	0.011	0.005	0.024	0.029	0.007	<0.001
age	→	TMT-B	0.033	0.012	0.006	0.055	0.014	<0.001
education	→	TMT-B	−0.074	0.010	<0.001	−0.064	0.008	<0.001
Hyperact	→	TMT-B	−	−	−	−0.035	0.017	0.034
depression	→	TMT-B	0.012	0.005	0.006	0.039	0.008	<0.001
age	→	SDMT	−0.040	0.013	0.002	−0.053	0.015	<0.001
gender	→	SDMT	0.258	0.037	<0.001	0.170	0.037	<0.001
education	→	SDMT	0.060	0.010	<0.001	0.075	0.009	<0.001
anxiety	→	SDMT	−0.147	0.069	0.063	−	−	−
depression	→	SDMT	−	−	−	−0.045	0.009	<0.001
age	→	CRT	0.028	0.010	0.006	0.036	0.014	0.010
gender	→	CRT	0.172	0.030	<0.001	0.234	0.041	<0.001
education	→	CRT	−0.018	0.008	0.011	−	−	−
Inatt	→	CRT	0.107	0.028	<0.001	−	−	−
depression	→	CRT	−	−	−	0.024	0.008	0.001
age	→	DR	−	−	−	−0.054	0.016	<0.001
gender	→	DR	0.475	0.042	<0.001	0.499	0.047	<0.001
education	→	DR	0.069	0.010	<0.001	0.062	0.009	<0.001
Inatt	→	DR	0.079	0.042	0.059	−	−	−
Hyperact	→	DR	0.045	0.021	0.027	−	−	−
anxiety	→	DR	−0.213	0.112	0.046	−	−	−
depression	→	DR	−0.015	0.007	0.019	−0.031	0.008	<0.001
education	→	DSB	0.084	0.010	<0.001	−	−	−

Coefficients for ASRS items, which were same for both cohorts are not shown.

Only paths significant at p<0.1 are shown.

^§unstandardised estimate.

^†standard errors were computed from 2000 bootstrap-resampled datasets.

MA: middle-age cohort; OA: older-age cohort; Inatt: latent factor Inattention; Hyperact: latent factor Hyperactivity; STW: Spot-the-Word test; TMT-A: Trail Making Test A; TMT-B: Trail Making Test B; SDMT: Symbol-Digit Modalities Test; CRT: Choice Reaction Time; DR: Delayed Recall; DSB: Digit Span Backwards.