Figure 2.

Cortical sites used to study EMG activity patterns associated with HFLD-ICMS of primary motor cortex in each of two monkeys (V, A). A, B, Sites where HFLD-ICMS triggered EMG activity was collected with the reaching tasks (white circles) and the wrist tasks (gray circles) represented in two-dimensional coordinates after unfolding each monkey's precentral gyrus and corresponding muscle map based on effects obtained from StTA at 15 μA. Letters and symbols within the white circles denote hand end-point positions within the monkey's workspace produced with HFLD-ICMS at that site; midline (M), contralateral relative to the cortical site stimulated or ipsilateral relative to the affected arm (C), and down from starting hand position (black arrows). Sites indicated by white arrows evoked movements to upper space near the monkey's head. Filled white circles with no letter or symbol are sites in which HFLD-ICMS did not produce a consistent hand end-point position.