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. 2014 Jan;52:117–124. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.025

Table 1.

Participant characteristics.

Musical practice level
Statistics
High Intermediate Low No F-value
Sex (female; male) 7; 1 6; 3 7; 2 8; 2
Handedness (left; right) 1; 7 3; 6 0; 9 2; 8
Age [years] 22.6 23.3 22.2 23.6 0.12
Years of education [years] 17.4 17.4 17.1 16.7 0.07
Accumulated practice time [h] 6275 2990 994 3 105.67⁎⁎⁎
Total years played [years] 14.5 9.3 8.1 0.1 27.01⁎⁎⁎
Musical knowledge score 17.9 15.7 12.4 7.4 19.53⁎⁎⁎
Physical activity [h/month] 5.6 15.1 15.8 21.4 1.67
PANAS score (positive) 33.5 34.1 31.3 33.2 0.36
PANAS score (negative) 17.1 16.6 18.9 17.0 0.18



Main musical instrument played
Musical practice level
High 5 Piano, 1 Organ, 2 Flute
Intermediate 5 Piano, 1 Harp, 1 Trumpet, 1 Flute, 1 Violin
Low 4 Piano, 1 Flute, 1 Saxophone, 1 Guitar, 1 Recorder, 1 Viola
No n.a.
⁎⁎⁎

p<0.001.