Fig. 1.

Intermittent but persisting diarrhea and prolonged fecal viral RNA shedding of calves #3 and 4 infected with GIII.2 BoNoV, CV186-OH strain. Calves #3 and 4 were inoculated orally with lower doses (11.0–11.3 log₁₀ GE) of the calf #1-passaged intestinal contents. They were monitored for longer-term clinical signs and virus shedding for PIDs 1–30 and PIDs 1–21, respectively. Fecal samples or rectal swabs were collected daily from each animal throughout the experiment. The BoNoV fecal shedding titers were determined by qRT-PCR, and each test was performed in triplicate. The dotted line indicates the detection limit (3.7 log₁₀ GE/ml) of the qRT-PCR.