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. 2014 Jan 27;64(619):e81–e91. doi: 10.3399/bjgp14X677130

Table 2.

Characteristics of included patients, by country

Characteristics Belgium, n = 327 England, n = 196 France, n = 30 Germany, n = 171 Italy, n = 43 The Netherlands, n = 277 Poland, n = 506 Slovakia, n = 130 Slovenia, n = 69 Spain, n = 492 Sweden, n = 92 Wales, n = 197 Total, n = 2530 P-valuea Missing, n (%)
Male sex, n (%) 146 (45) 69 (35) 9 (30) 63 (37) 16 (37) 122 (44) 189 (37) 55 (42) 28 (41) 198 (40) 29 (32) 93 (47) 1017 (40) 0.093b
Age in years, mean (SD) 51 (17) 54 (15) 53 (16) 50 (15) 56 (13) 53 (15) 46 (16) 44 (12) 53 (15) 51 (18) 56 (16) 56 (16) 51 (16) <0.001c
Current smoking: n (%) 99 (30) 37 (19) 4 (13) 47 (27) 13 (30) 43 (16) 151 (30) 33 (25) 15 (22) 163 (33) 19 (21) 54 (27) 678 (27) <0.001b 1 (0)
Comorbidityd, n (%) 111 (34) 54 (28) 9 (30) 55 (32) 9 (21) 93 (34) 111 (22) 22 (17) 10 (14) 129 (26) 25 (27) 79 (40) 707 (28) <0.001b 4 (0)
Symptom severity scoree, mean (SD) 37 (14) 42 (16) 41 (14) 39 (16) 20 (10) 37 (14) 35 (15) 41 (11) 31 (13) 36 (16) 41 (15) 40 (15) 37 (15) <0.001c 47 (2)

SD = standard deviation.

a

Comparison of all countries.

b

χ2 test.

c

Mann–Whitney U test.

d

Including chronic lung disease (including COPD), cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.

e

On a scale from 0 to 100, including the severity of the following symptoms: cough, phlegm production, shortness of breath, wheeze, coryza, fever, chest pain, muscle aching, headache, disturbed sleep, being generally unwell, interference in normal activities, confusion/disorientation, and diarrhoea.