Table 3.
Characteristics of study participants, Group Health, 1996–2001.
Characteristic | Cases (n=92) n (%) | Controls (n=195) n (%) |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||
17–24 | 6 (6.5) | 13 (6.7) |
25–34 | 22 (23.9) | 30 (15.4) |
35–44 | 41 (44.6) | 95 (48.7) |
45–49 | 23 (25.0) | 57 (29.2) |
Race | ||
White | 81 (88.0) | 168 (86.2) |
Black | 2 (2.2) | 11 (5.6) |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 7 (7.6) | 12 (6.2) |
American Indian | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.5) |
More than one race | 1 (1.1) | 3 (1.5) |
Ethnicitya | ||
Hispanic | 6 (6.5) | 4 (2.1) |
Non-Hispanic | 86 (93.5) | 190 (97.9) |
Incomea (US$) | ||
<35,000 | 26 (28.6) | 50 (26.5) |
35,000–69,999 | 42 (46.2) | 82 (43.4) |
≥70,000 | 23 (25.3) | 57 (30.2) |
Education | ||
<HS | 3 (3.3) | 5 (2.6) |
HS graduate | 17 (18.5) | 38 (19.5) |
Some college | 28 (30.4) | 80 (41.0) |
College graduate | 24 (26.1) | 45 (23.1) |
Post graduate | 20 (21.7) | 27 (13.9) |
Cigarette smoking | ||
Never | 55 (59.8) | 105 (53.9) |
Former | 17 (18.5) | 51 (26.2) |
Current | 20 (21.7) | 39 (20.0) |
Alcohol use | ||
Never | 29 (31.5) | 60 (30.8) |
Former | 11 (12.0) | 45 (23.1) |
Current | 52 (56.5) | 90 (46.2) |
BMI (kg/m2)a | ||
<18.5 | 1 (1.1) | 6 (3.1) |
18.5–<25.0 | 48 (52.2) | 101 (52.6) |
25.0–<30.0 | 18 (19.6) | 42 (21.9) |
≥30.0 | 25 (27.2) | 43 (22.4) |
Parity | ||
Nulliparous | 45 (48.9) | 63 (32.3) |
Parous | 47 (51.1) | 132 (67.7) |
Urinary creatinine (mg/dL) | ||
median (IQR) | 54.5 (27–106) | 62.0 (26–111) |
Abbreviations: HS=high school; BMI=body mass index; IQR=interquartile range.
Numbers do not add to column total due to missing data.