. 2011 Winter-Spring;3(1-2):45–52.

Table 2.

Mean differences of attributional style in addicts and non-addicts

	Pessimistic attributional style	Optimistic attributional style	Learned helplessness
t	3.97^*	-3.97^*	8.55^**
P value	0.001	0.001	0.001
d.f	169	150	169

t is significant at the 0.05 level.

^**

t is significant at the 0.01 level.