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editorial
. 2012 Apr 20;2(2):7–25. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v2.i2.7

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A proposed model for hepatitis C virus - mediated effects in liver cells and the modulatory role of transforming growth factor β in the regulation of both angiogenesis (A) and hepatocellular carcinoma (B). PKC: Protein kinase C; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AP-1: Activator protein-1; CREB: cAMP response element-binding protein; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase; ERK: Extracellular regulated protein kinase; TGF: Transforming growth factor; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.