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Two main sources of LPA generation are from phosphatidic acid (left) via the action of phospholipases, or by hydrolysis of the choline moiety of lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso-PC), by autotaxin (also known as Lyso-PLD). Newly generated LPA can act on cell surface GPCR’s or intracellular receptors as indicated. Free LPA is rapidly degraded by lipid phosphate phosphatases into monoacyl glycerol.
