Table 1. Number of study participants and demographic data for subjects meeting eligibility criteria.

Demographic and Clinical Covariates	Treatment Group: Nasal Oxygen	Treatment Group: bCPAP
		Transitioned from Nasal Oxygen to bCPAP	bCPAP
Number of study participants
Number of subjects completing study	25	9	55
Number of subjects meeting eligibility criteria	25	9	53
Gender
% Male	60.0%	44.4%	60.4%
% Female	40.0%	55.6%	39.6%
Gestational Age
Average (weeks)	33.0 weeks	32.0 weeks	33.2 weeks
Unknown (%)	12.0%	0.0%	9.4%
Average Birth Weight (kg)	1.68 kg	1.37 kg	1.79 kg
Very Low Birth Weight (> = 1.0 kg–<1.5 kg) (%)	52.0%	41.5%	77.8%
Low Birth Weight (> = 1.5 kg–<2.5 kg) (%)	28.0%	41.5%	22.2%
Birth Weight > = 2.5 kg (%)	20.0%	17.0%	0.0%
Location of birth
Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) (%)	60.0%	55.6%	56.6%
Outside QECH (%)	32.0%	44.4%	32.1%
Unknown (%)	8.0%	0.0%	11.3%
Singletons vs. Multiples
Singletons (%)	52.0%	44.5%	73.6%
Multiples (%)	44.0%	44.4%	26.4%
Unknown (%)	4.0%	11.1%	0.0%
Received bag & mask ventilation prior to therapy?
Yes (%)*	4.0%	22.2%	24.5%
No (%)	88.0%	66.7%	54.7%
Unknown (%)	8.0%	11.1%	20.8%
HIV Status
Exposed	20.0%	33.3%	22.7%
Unexposed	64.0%	44.4%	67.9%
Unknown	16.0%	22.2%	9.4%
Entry vital statistics
Average entry heart rate (beats per minute (bpm))	144 bpm	148 bpm	141 bpm
Average entry respiratory rate (bpm)	54 bpm	55 bpm	54 bpm
Average entry oxygen saturation (%)	92%	91%	88%
Primary Diagnosis
RDS	68.0%	100.0%	73.6%
Congenital Pneumonia	4.0%	0.0%	18.9%
Acquired Pneumonia	4.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Meconium Aspiration	8.0%	0.0%	5.7%
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn	12.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Stridor	4.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Asphyxia	0.0%	0.0%	1.8%
Co-Morbidities
Sepsis	28.0%	44.4%	41.5%

^*Difference in group receiving nasal oxygen and bCPAP significantly different (p = 0.015).