Table 7. Data Stream Categories and Representative Biosurveillance Systems.
Data Stream Category | Representative Biosurveillance System |
Ambulance/EMT Records | Real-time Outbreak and Disease Surveillance (RODS) System |
Clinic/Healthcare Provider Records | Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-Based Epidemics (ESSENCE) |
ED/Hospital Records | Biosense 2.0 |
Employment/School Records | RODS, ESSENCE |
Established Databases | Global Pest and Disease Database, World Animal Health Information Database, National Microbial Pathogen Database Resource |
Financial Records | RODS |
Help Lines | FirstWatch |
Internet Search Queries | Google Flu Trends |
Laboratory Records | ESSENCE |
News Aggregators | HealthMap |
Official Reports | CDC Reports, Ministry of Health Reports |
Police/Fire Department Records | N/A |
Personal Communication | Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases (ProMed) |
Prediction Markets | Iowa Health Prediction Market |
Sales | National Retail Data Monitor (NRDM) |
Social Media |