Table 1. Prognostic tools used to predict outcome in adults with severe malaria.

	Score
Variable	0 (normal)	1 (abnormal)	2 (very abnormal)
GCS	15	11–14	≤10
Base Deficit	<2	2 to <10	≥10
Plasma bicarbonate	≥24	15 to <24	<15
Respiratory rate	<20	20 to <40	≥40

Malaria Score for Adults (MSA) [1]:

1 [severe anaemia (haemoglobin <5 g/dL)]+2 [acute renal failure (serum creatinine >3 mg/dl)]+3[Respiratory distress (respiratory failure requiring ventilator)]+4 [cerebral malaria (unrousable coma)].

Malaria Prognostic Index (MPI) [2]:

4.5 (GCS <5)+1.5 (GCS 5–11)+1(Parasitaemia >315,000/µL)+2.5 (Plasma lactate >5 mmol/L)+1 (Serum bilirubin >58 µmol/L)+1.5 (Pigmented parasites >20%)−1.5 (Treatment with ACT).

Coma Acidosis Malaria (CAM) score [3]: MSA (0–10) is calculated using the 4 variables, classified as absent (0) or present (1) and multiplied by their coefficients.

MPI (0–10) is calculated using the 5 variables, classified as absent (0) or present (1) and multiplied by their coefficients.

CAM score (0–4) is calculated as the base deficit score (0–2) plus the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS; 0–2). Bicarbonate-based CAM score (BCAM) (0–4) is calculated as the bicarbonate score (0–2) plus the GCS (0–2). Respiratory rate–based CAM score (RCAM) (0–4) is calculated as the respiratory rate score (0–2) plus the GCS score (0–2).