Figure 2. Skin microbial communities of Colostethus panamansis.

Communities before (circles, field samples) and after (crosses, day 48) treatments visualized by non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) of T-RFLP analysis using enzymes HaeIII and MspI. Treatments are numbered to indicate probiotic bacterium Lysinibacillus fusiformis (1,2), control (3,4), and skin-wash transplant from the disease-resistant glass frog Espadarana prosoblepon (5,6). Microbial communities were not significantly different among treatments within each time-point represented by convex hulls. Distance between objects on the plot represents relative dissimilarity (axes are in arbitrary units). Stress <0.1 indicates strong community differences and stress >0.2 indicates that differences should be interpreted with caution. Statistical analyses are presented in Table 1.