Table 2. Legal Cigarette Sales, Estimated Consumption, and Illicit Consumption, 1998–2010 (millions of packs).

Measure	1998	2002	2006	2010
Estimated consumption	2,008.69	3,201.59	2,594.88	2,569.38
Legal sales	2,195.00	3,365.00	3,425.00	4,920.5
Net exports	0.00	54.37	624.00	542.51
Consumption as proportion of legal sales (ratio)	0.92	0.97	0.93	0.59
Illicit consumption (no underreporting)	–186.31	–109.04	–206.12	–1,808.61
Illicit consumption (10% underreporting)	14.56	211.12	53.37	–1,551.67
Illicit consumption (20% underreporting)	215.43	531.28	312.86	–1,294.73
Illicit consumption (30% underreporting)	416.30	851.44	572.34	–1,037.80
Illicit consumption as share of total consumption (10% underreporting,%)	0.66	5.90	1.53	–46.06
Illicit consumption as share of total consumption (20% underreporting,%)	8.94	13.64	8.37	–35.71
Illicit consumption as share of total consumption (30% underreporting, %)	15.94	20.19	14.32	–26.73
For the estimated consumption to be equal to the legal sale, the underreporting is (%)	9.28	3.41	7.94	70.39

Sources: Authors’ calculation from VLSS 1998, VNHS 2002, VHLSS 2006, GATS Vietnam 2010 and Vietnam Tobacco Association’s reports.