Table 8.
Treatment efficacy studies of 1 g azithromycin for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women.
| Study (year) | Country | Year(s) | Number cured of evaluated | Percent cured | 95% CI | Diagnostic method | Birth outcomes | Additional details | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kacmar et al. (2001) | USA | 1998–2000 | 18/19 | 94.7% | 84.4–105.1% | Ligase chain reaction; TOC 28–42 days | NR | 52.6% (n = 19; 95% CI: 31.5–72.8%) had side effects; passive or active solicitation not reported; 13.6 weeks (±8.0 SD) mean gestational age at enrolment | [73] |
| Jacobson et al. (2001) | USA | 1998–2000 | 35/55 | 63.6% | 47.7–79.6% | DNA LCx STD assay; TOC 28 days | 13.3% (6/45) preterm | 10.1% (n = 55; 95% CI: 5.2–21.9%) had side effects; passive or active solicitation not reported; 20.6 weeks (±8.8 SD) mean gestational age at enrolment | [74] |
| Wehbeh et al. (1998) | USA | NR | 26/27 | 96.3% | 89.0–103.6% | Culture | NR | 100% (n = 27) of partners treated | [75] |
| Adair et al. (1998) | USA | 1995–1997 | 37/42 | 88.1% | 77.7–98.5% | DNA assay; TOC 28 days | NR | 11.9% (n = 5; 95% CI: 5.3–25.1%) had side effects; passive or active solicitation not reported; 21.6 weeks (±9.5 SD) mean gestational age at enrolment; 54.8% (n = 23) of partners treated | [76] |
| Edwards et al. (1996) | USA | 1993–1994 | 61/65 | 93.8% | 87.8–99.9% | DNA assay; TOC 14 days | 9.2% (6/65) preterm, 3 due to PROM; mean birth age 38.8 weeks ±1.6 | 20.4 weeks mean gestational age at enrolment | [78] |
| Rosenn et al. (1995) | USA | 1994–1995 | 21/23 | 91.3% | 79.3–103.4% | PCR (Amplicor); TOC 21 days | NR | 19.3 weeks (±3.5 SD) mean gestational age at enrolment | [79] |
| Gunter et al. (1996) | USA | NR | 22/22 | 100% | NA | DNA assay; TOC 14 days | NR | 13.6% (n = 3; 95% CI: 5.0–33.6%) had gastrointestinal side effects; passive or active solicitation not reported | [77] |
| Bush & Rosa (1994) | USA | NR | 15/15 | 100% | NA | DNA assay; TOC 14 days | NR | 0% of women experienced side effects; 100% (n = 15) of partners treated | [80] |
| Rahangdale et al. (2006) | USA | 1999–2000 | 137/141 | 97.2% | 94.4–99.9% | DNA assay; TOC days 7–20; 21–34; 35–55; >56 | 7.5% (16/221 'any' preterm azithromycin) | 13.1% (n = 191; 95% CI: 9.0–18.6%) also had BV 14.1 weeks (±6.3 SD) mean gestational age at enrolment |
[185] |
| Miller et al. (1995) | USA | 1993–1994 | 132/138 | 95.6% | 92.2– 99.1% | DNA assay; TOC 10–14 days | 15.2% (19/125) preterm | 5.5% (n = 146; 95% CI: 2.8–10.4%) had side effects; 23.9% (n = 138; 17.6–31.7%) women also had NG; 17.4% (4/17) reported side effects (all GI); mean gestational age at enrolment not reported | [186] |
NR: Not reported; TOC: Test of cure.