Table 1. Effects of antidiabetic biguanides on lifespan and spontaneous tumor incidence in rodents.
| Strain, species | Sex | No. of mice, C/T1 |
Age at start of treatment, months | Drug2 | Dose and route of treatment3 | Effect on mean lifespan, % | Effect on tumor incidence4 | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C3H/Sn mice | F | 30/24 | 3.5 | PF | 2 mg/mouse p.o. | +21% | ↓ | 41 |
| HER-2/neu mice | F | 34/32 | 2 | MF | 100 mg/kg, d.w. | +8% | ↓ | 43 |
| HER-2/neu mice | F | 31/35 | 2 | MF | ↑ | +4% | ↓ | 44 |
| SHR mice | F | 50/50 | 3 | MF | ↑ | +38% | = | 45 |
| SHR mice | F | 119/51 | 3 | MF | ↑ | +14% | = | 46 |
| 97/45 | 9 | MF | ↑ | +6% | = | |||
| 69/33 | 15 | MF | ↑ | 0 | = | |||
| 129/Sv mice | F | 47/41 | 3 | MF | ↑ | +5% | ↓ | 47 |
| 129/Sv mice | M | 41/46 | 3 | MF | ↑ | -13% | = | |
| C57BL/6 mice | M | 64/83 | 12 | MF | 0.1% in diet | +5.83% | = | 29 |
| M | 90/88 | 12 | MF | 1% in diet | -14.4% | ↓ | ||
| B6C3F1 mice | M | 297/36 | 12 | MF | 0.1% in diet | +5.83% | = | |
| LIO rats | F | 41/44 | 3.5 | PF | 5 mg/rat, p.o. | 0 | ↓ | 43 and 50 |
| LIO rats | F | 74/42 | 3.5 | BF | ↑ | +7% | ↓ | |
| F344 rats | M | 31/40 | 6 | MF | 300 mg/kg, b.w., | 0 | N.D. | 53 |
Notes: 1C/T, control/Treatment; 2BF, buformin; MF, metformin; PH, phenformin;3d.w., drinking water; p.o., per os;4↑, increases; ↓, decreases; = , no effect; N.D., not detected.