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. 2014 Feb;184(2):382–396. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.10.011

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Targeted MFI analysis of glial nodules shows that microglial activation precedes astroglial activation. MFI for IBA-1 (black bars) and GFAP (white bars) was measured within a 110-μm-diameter circular area centered on the microglial aggregate. A: At 2 weeks of age, 110-μm-diameter circles around glial nodules demonstrated significant increases in IBA-1 MFI compared with randomly chosen areas in twitcher (twi) brains and randomly chosen areas within normal (N) brains. B: At 3 weeks of age, 110-μm-diameter circles around glial nodules demonstrated significant increases in IBA-1 compared with randomly chosen areas in twitcher brains and normal brains. GFAP also demonstrated significant increases within 110-μm circles compared with randomly chosen areas in twitcher brains and normal brains. In addition, randomly chosen areas in twitcher brains also demonstrated significant elevations in MFI of GFAP when compared with randomly located areas in normal brains. Results are means of MFI across all nodules for area selected. C–H: Astrocyte cell bodies and dendrites were traced with Neurolucida to determine characteristics associated with hypertrophy. In this case, all characteristics demonstrated significant changes between the normal mouse hindbrain and twitcher mouse hindbrain. Cell body area was significantly larger between astrocytes around glial nodules and away from glial nodules within twitcher mouse hindbrains. Error bars = SD. A.U., arbitrary unit. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001.