Characterization of Cy5-TMV, PEG-Cy5-TMV, and Cy5-SNPs. (A) Transmission electron micrograph images of TMV rods and SNPs. (B) Size exclusion chromatographs of PEG-Cy5-TMV and Cy5-TMV. (C) A table comparing the charge, size and number of Cy5 dyes per particle. (D) MALDI-TOF MS spectra of native-TMV, Cy5-TMV, PEG-Cy5-TMV, and Cy5-SNP. (E) SDS-PAGE of (lane 1) native-TMV, (lane 2) Cy5-TMV, (lane 3) PEG-Cy5-TMV, and (lane 4) Cy5-SNP. The (a) unmodified ~ 18 kDa TMV coat protein, (b) Cy5 modified ~ 19 kDa coat protein, and (c) PEG modified ~ 20 kDa coat proteins are identified for reference (it should be noted that only a ratio of the coat proteins were modified, see discussion in the manuscript text).