Table 2.
Features relevant for integrating computational models with virtual patients.
| Stakeholder group | Identified features relevant for integrating computational models with virtual patients | Previous study |
| Computational modeling researchers | Availability of high-quality documentation (including a clear description of modeled parameters: their permitted input ranges, simulation steps, and post-processing steps) | [16,38,39] |
| Validity of simulation results generated (compatibility with experimental data or expected observations) | ||
| Availability of model in machine-readable (preferably popular) format | ||
| Availability (and preferably mobility) of the simulation software for the model | ||
| Information on the magnitude of computational time required for simulation | ||
| Information on mobility and required storage space demands for input and output data, model, solver | ||
| Clearance of copyright issues (information about the authors of the model and terms of use and distribution) | ||
| Description of confidentiality constraints | ||
| Health care education (educators and students) | Suitable learning objectives | [34,37,40] |
| Relevance for study | ||
| Suitable target group | ||
| Appropriate level of difficulty | ||
| High interactivity | ||
| Availability of specific feedback | ||
| Optimal use of media | ||
| Focus of attention on relevant learning points | ||
| Recapitulation of key learning points | ||
| Authentic Web-based interface | ||
| Content tailored to the clinical reasoning process | ||
| Realistic narration to include the simulation in the case | ||
| Support for individualized approach to learning | ||
| Support for collaborative learning | ||
| Virtual patient system developers | Simulation elements supported by the virtual patient system | [9,11,41] |
| Simulation elements supported by the MVP standard |