Table 3.

Comparison of Item Level MAI Scores Among Patients Exposed and Unexposed to Beers Criteria Medication

			EPOC Study (N=240)			PCM Study (N=167)
			Beers Medication Exposure			Beers Medication Exposure
MAI Item	ADE Weighta	Standard Weightb	Yes (N=106)	No (N=134)	p-valuec	Yes (N=52)	No (N=115)	p-valuec
Drug-drug interactions	2	2	0.30	0.16	0.289	1.4	0.71	0.048
Drug-disease interactions	2	2	0.53	0.36	0.422	1.0	0.82	0.264
Indication	1	3	1.4	1.0	0.321	0.58	0.68	0.905
Effectiveness	1	3	0.82	0.69	0.906	1.2	1.2	0.632
Duplication	1	1	0.31	0.22	0.228	0.65	0.56	0.259
Duration	1	1	0.81	0.55	0.029	0.62	0.54	0.190
Dosage	0	2	2.6	2.5	0.960	2.2	1.3	0.026
Directions correct	0	2	6.3	5.1	0.007	1.7	1.4	0.233
Directions practical	0	1	0.75	0.68	0.738	0.58	0.43	0.096
Cost	0	1	1.2	1.1	0.940	1.3	1.0	0.104
Modified ADE risk scorea			2.7	1.9	0.063	4.3	3.2	0.058

MAI = Medication Appropriateness Index; EPOC = Veterans Affairs Enhanced Pharmacy Outpatient Clinic study; PCM = Iowa Medicaid Pharmaceutical Case Management study; ADE = adverse drug event

^aModified MAI scoring algorithm for assessing ADE risk, using the specified item weights as an alternative to standard scoring weights²¹

^bStandard MAI scoring weights²³

^cWilcoxon rank sum test