Figure 2.

Inhibition of leukocyte accumulation in the brain of Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA)-infected mice with experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) after treatment. The number of intravascular leukocytes per mm² of brain area was significantly decreased after neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) treatment (A). Parenchymal vessels of untreated PbA-infected mice on day 5 (B). Lumen of parenchymal vessels of saline-treated ECM mice on day 11 plugged with leukocytes (black arrows) (C). Parenchymal vessels of (D) artemether (ARM)-treated mice and (E) NRG-1-treated mice showing remnants of adherent leukocytes after treatment (black arrows). Vascular congestion was observed in all saline-treated PbA-infected mice but was not seen in ARM or NRG-1 treated mice. Leukocyte counts are mean ± standard error. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. ^*Statistical significance compared with control (Ctrl) day (D)5; ^§statistical significance compared with Ctrl D11.