Table 4.
Prevalence and test performance of the single item screener using the “major depressive disorder” definition of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) as reference standard (95% confidence interval)
| Age group | Prevalence | Sensitivity | Specifity | ROC-area | LR+ | LR- | PPV | NPV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34-44 |
3.8 (2.4-5.5) |
75 (53.3-90.2) |
92.2 (89.8-94.2) |
.836 (.747-.925) |
9.61 (6.73-13.7) |
.271 (.136-.542) |
27.3 (17–39.6) |
99 (97.7-99.6) |
| 45-54 |
6.2 (4.5-8.2) |
86.7 (73.2-94.9) |
89.9 (87.2-92.1) |
.883 (.832-.935) |
8.62 (6.7-11.1) |
.148 (.070-.312) |
36.1 (27.1-45.9) |
99 (97.9-99.6) |
| 55-64 |
6 (4.4-8.0) |
76.1 (61.2-87.4) |
84.9 (82.1-87.5) |
.805 (.741-.869) |
5.05 (3.98-6.41) |
.282 (.168-.472) |
24.5 (17.7-32.4) |
98.2 (96.8-99.1) |
| 65-74 |
7.9 (5.9-10.2) |
86.5 (74.2-94.4) |
85.4 (82.4-88.1) |
.86 (.811-.909) |
5.93 (4.76-7.39) |
.158 (.0791-.314) |
33.6 (25.7-42.2) |
98.7 (97.3-99.5) |
| 75-85 |
10 (7.4-14.1) |
86.5 (71.2-95.5) |
83.3 (78.8-87.3) |
.849 (.79-.909) |
5.19 (3.93-6.84) |
.162 (.0717-.367) |
37.6 (27.4-48.8) |
98.1 (95.7-99.4) |
| Female |
8.4 (7.1-9.8) |
81.6 (74.1-87.7) |
83.8 81.8-85.6) |
.827 (.973-.861) |
5.04 (4.38-5.8) |
.219 (.154-.313) |
31.5 (26.7-36.7) |
98 (97.1-98.7) |
| Male |
4.5 (3.5 -5.6) |
85.3 (74.6-92.7) |
91.4 (89.8-92.8) |
.883 (.84-.926) |
9.87 (8.13-12) |
.161 (.0908-.285) |
31.5 (24.9-38.8) |
99.3 (98.6-99.6) |
| Total | 6.5 (5.6-7.4) | 82.8 (77–87.7) | 87.5 (86.3-88.7) | .852 (.825-.879) | 6.65 (5.93-7.46) | .196 (.145-.265) | 31.5 (27.6-35.7) | 98.7 (98.1-99.1) |
ROC: receiver operating characteristic; LR+: positive likelihood ratio; LR-: negative likelihood ratio; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value.