Table 4. Renal abnormalities in the confirmed scrub typhus study population (no. of patients: 49).
| Parameter | No. of patients (%) |
| Oliguria (<400 ml/d) | 13 (26) |
| Gross hematuria | 2 (4) |
| Dysuria | 1 (2) |
| Hemoglobinuria | 1 (2) |
| Abnormal urinalysis | 30 (61) |
| Dipstick positive albuminuria | 27 (55) |
| • ≤2+ | 26 (53) |
| • >2+ | 1 (2) |
| Dipstick positive glucosuria | 1 (2) |
| Significant pyuria (>9 pus cells/hpf) | 3 (6) |
| Microscopic hematuria (>2 RBC/hpf)# | 8 (16) |
| AKI$ | 26 (53) |
| Stage 1 | 5 (10) |
| Stage 2 | 4 (8) |
| Stage 3 | 17 (35) |
# excludes two patients with gross hematuria;
defined according to KDIGO guidelines for AKI.
AKI: acute kidney injury, KDIGO: Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, RBC: red blood cell.