Fig. 2.

Ebselen treatment increases reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane potential in S. cerevisiae cells. ROS production detected by (A) DCF-DA and mitochondrial membrane potential by MitoTracker (B) in control cells and cells treated for 3 h. Cells were treated with 1 mM H₂O₂ for 3 h and it served as positive control. In A and B the upper panels show phase contrast microscopy; the lower panels show fluorescence microscopy of the same cells. (C and D) Yeast wild type strain was grown in SC media till exponential phase. Cells were treated with indicated concentration of ebselen for 3 h. The cells were then stained with DCF-DA or MitoTracker Red and examined by FACS as described in materials and methods. (E) Wild type cells were grown in DMSO or indicated concentration of ebselen for 3 h. GSH, GSSG, and the GSH:GSSG ratios were determined. Values are means S.D. of three independent cultures.