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. 2014 Jan 31;8:4. doi: 10.3389/fnbot.2014.00004

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Copyright © 2014 Vitay and Hamker.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Evolution of the maximal activity in VTA during conditioning. For each of the three associations (panels (A–C), respectively), the maximal activity of the VTA cell at CS onset (in blue) and at reward delivery (in red) is plotted for each trial of the conditioning phase. These values are computed by taking the maximum value of the firing rate of the VTA cell in a small time window (±100 ms) around CS onset and reward delivery. The panels show the relative speed at which the CS-related bursts appear and the one at which the US-related bursts are canceled.